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Voluntary medical male circumcision is one of the most important ways to reduce new HIV infections. The foreskin contains receptors that the HIV virus can attach to, and removing it reduces HIV transmission from women to men by about 60%.
Understanding the interaction between immune cells and cancer cells has important implications for cancer immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitor drugs and cell-based therapies, as well as newer treatments like cancer vaccines.
Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), an institution under the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, has discovered that a small compound—a peptide made up of four amino acids called CAQK—has a significant neuroprotective effect in mouse models of traumatic brain injury.
Child welfare professionals work in a stressful environment. Seeing families at risk of having children removed from the home frequently results in occupational trauma, burnout and negative health outcomes. University of Kansas researchers have published a study showing an intervention they delivered to child welfare workers across the state reduced secondary traumatic stress and improved resilience, which can ease the strain on workers and lead to better family outcomes.
UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have identified two distinct populations of cells known as antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblasts (apCAFs) that appear to support the survival and growth of malignant tumors. Their findings, reported in Cancer Cell, could one day lead to new therapies for notoriously hard-to-treat cancers, including pancreatic cancer and advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) that has spread throughout the abdomen, known as peritoneal metastasis.
A major cardiovascular risk factor is thickening of the heart walls (hypertrophy), which can result from high blood pressure—but is also linked to inherited diseases of the heart which can lead to sudden death.
A "genomic-first" approach to screening for rare genetic disorders—identifying specific genetic variants and then studying associated traits and symptoms—can identify these conditions earlier and more frequently than standard genetic testing driven by clinical symptoms, a Geisinger study found.
A new study based on the 2022 National Youth Tobacco Survey has uncovered a concerning gap in how health professionals support young people dealing with mental health challenges and tobacco use.
A supplement of ketones may be the magic bullet that allows patients using weight-loss drugs to avoid the potentially adverse side-effect of a shrinking heart and skeletal muscle, according to a University of Alberta study in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology that "fine-tunes" the popular therapy to protect lean muscle while shedding the same amount of fat.
In a new online trend, people are scuttling, crawling, and bounding around on all fours while filming themselves—and their videos are getting a lot of attention. The practice is called quadrobics, and it's quite the spectacle.
The Kroger Co. has recalled two types of pasta salad bowls sold in nearly 30 states after learning the pasta ingredients could be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes, a bacteria that can cause serious infections.
A study led by EPFL shows that Urolithin A, a natural compound, can abolish high anxiety in rats by repairing mitochondrial function in their brain cells, specifically in the nucleus accumbens. The findings, which appear in Biological Psychiatry, open a new avenue for approaches to help reduce anxiety.
Millions of Medicaid enrollees may have a way out of the new federal work requirement—if they live in a county with high unemployment.
The most common first diagnosis of Alport syndrome in Japan is during the universal age-3 urine screening. In 60% of these children, the disease had already progressed far enough to qualify for treatment. Therefore, universal early-age urinalysis may be an apt means for both better prognoses and reduced costs of medical care.
Engineering and health researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a radar and artificial intelligence (AI) system that can monitor multiple people walking in busy hospitals and long-term care facilities to identify possible health issues.
The genetic roots of a disease or disorder do not always grow into clear-cut, easily diagnosed clinical features. Even if a parent and child have the same genetic marker implicated in an outcome, such as autism, only one may present clinically or they may both present with wildly different features.
Social hierarchies are everywhere—think of high school dramas, where the athletes are portrayed as the most popular, or large companies, where the CEO makes the important decisions. Such hierarchies aren't just limited to humans, but span the animal kingdom, with dominant individuals getting faster food access, higher mating priority, and bigger or better territories. While it's long been thought that winning or losing can influence the position of an individual within a social hierarchy, the brain mechanisms behind these social dynamics have remained a mystery.
A study by Dorothy P. Schafer, Ph.D., and Travis E. Faust, Ph.D., at UMass Chan Medical School, explains how two different cell types in the brain—astrocytes and microglia—communicate in response to changes in sensory input to remodel synapses, the connections between neurons.
For the first time, the OHCAO team at University of Warwick have published national data for children who suffer out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, underscoring the urgent need for CPR training.