Nitrate in drinking water linked to preterm birth rates

A new study led by scientists from BGI Genomics' Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR) has identified early biomarkers and disease neurons associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology.

Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL have shown that genetic messages are misplaced in nerve cells in a model of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. These messages mostly affect the function of the mitochondria, the cell's energy producers, and can be re-established using a drug currently in clinical trials.

Misplaced car keys, forgotten names and other lapses in memory are a normal part of life, especially as you age. However, more serious memory problems can be a sign of cognitive impairment or dementia like Alzheimer's disease.

A new study by Toho University has revealed that gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), a fatty acid commonly found in plant oils such as evening primrose and borage, can directly relax constricted coronary arteries by blocking a key receptor involved in blood vessel contraction. This discovery offers promising implications for the prevention of coronary spasms and angina.

Up to half of patients with Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease, develop a complication called fibrosis, where the gut becomes scarred and obstructed, causing pain and bloating. Currently, the only treatment option for these gut "strictures" is surgery.

As artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots and virtual agents become part of everyday life—from customer service and health care to personal companionship—a critical question arises: How do these AI interactions affect social and emotional dynamics?

As ADHD medication use has surged in Sweden over the past decades, evidence is needed on whether the benefit of the medication remains consistent. A new study from Karolinska Institutet, published in JAMA Psychiatry, shows that while ADHD medication still helps reduce the risk of self-harm, unintentional injuries, traffic accidents, and criminal behavior, its protective effects have diminished over time as ADHD medication use has broadened to a wider group of patients.

In medically indicated weight loss, attention is typically focused on the associated health benefits. However, recent research findings suggest that recovery from obesity-induced systemic inflammation may take several years.

Babies as young as eight months old can adapt their learning style to changing situations, according to research by Francesco Poli of the Donders Institute at Radboud University. This is the first time that babies have been shown to learn in such a flexible way.

A new PET imaging technique can accurately detect and monitor Mycobacteroides abscessus lung infections—one of the most difficult-to-diagnose conditions in patients with lung diseases.

A new study has revealed compelling evidence that brain criticality—a dynamic balance between neural excitation and inhibition—has a strong genetic foundation and is associated with cognitive performance. The research was published on June 23 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

For patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), a one-time surgical application of prademagene zamikeracel, an autologous COL7A1 gene-modified cellular sheet that is sutured onto a large, chronic RDEB wound, improves wound healing and pain versus standard of care, according to a study published online June 23 in The Lancet.

"Latinx" is a gender-neutral term used instead of "Latino" and "Latina" that refers to individuals of Latin American descent. Latinx and sexual minority youth (SMY) report higher rates of alcohol use than white and heterosexual youth. New research finds that Latinx SMY experience and cope with discrimination in unique ways, which can have an impact on their alcohol treatment response. These findings will be shared at the 48th annual scientific meeting of the Research Society on Alcohol (RSA) in New Orleans, Louisiana.

It has long been known that loneliness is a risk factor in the development of anxiety and depression. However, the association itself has been less well studied. This is especially true during the transition from adolescence to adulthood.

For the first time, researchers have found that lung cancer patients who have a combination of high levels of depression and inflammation at diagnosis are later found with continuing depressive symptoms in the next several months, even as they receive new, promising therapies.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive cancer affecting the blood and bone marrow that progresses rapidly, making immediate treatment essential. While chemotherapy and targeted drugs have improved outcomes for some patients, many forms of AML remain resistant to treatment, and relapses are common.

Researchers at Forschungszentrum Jülich in Germany have published two new studies offering fresh insight into a protein believed to play a pivotal role in the development of chronic mental health conditions such as schizophrenia.

Most first-time parents in Denmark feel competent and experience low levels of parental stress during their child's first year of life. However, new research shows that some groups find it significantly more difficult—and that parents' support needs change over time.