Nonlinear neural network model reveals how fly brains reduce odor complexity

Although psychosomatic medicine is regarded as a branch of psychiatry in many countries, some of its diagnostic concepts are not fully encompassed by mainstream psychiatric diagnostic systems. When these two systems are integrated, the interrelationships among various diagnoses and their associations with psychopathologies remain to be elucidated.

Scientists say they have new experimental evidence of a novel role for bilirubin, a natural yellow pigment found in the body, in protecting humans from the worst effects of malaria and potentially other infectious diseases. The findings could advance the search for drugs that mimic the pigment bilirubin, or deliver it to the body to help protect people from severe forms of some infections.

The human body is naturally equipped with defenses to fight off viral infections. For a virus to successfully infect it, it must first overcome these defenses. To do so, viruses have evolved specialized tools—proteins known as "virulence factors"—that help them shut down or dodge the immune system and cause disease.

The architecture and processes underlying visual word recognition represent some of the most intricate systems in human cognition. The seemingly simple act of reading a word involves not only a complex interplay between cognitive layers but also relationships between the word's spelling, phonology, and meaning.

It is well known that both scarcity of resources and expectations of efficacy influence preferences and decisions in health care. But how do these two factors (scarcity and expectations) affect when both are combined? Why, for example, were specific groups of patients (mainly elderly and disabled) so obviously discriminated against during the COVID-19 pandemic, when medical resources were particularly scarce?

Both diagnostic and therapeutic use of the microbiota will become reality within the next 5–10 years. It emerges from an "informative" article published in Cell, written by doctors for doctors, to inform clinicians that a series of valuable diagnostic and therapeutic applications based on the microbiome could be just around the corner and bridge the communication gap between basic researchers and clinicians, which is slowing down their implementation.

Regulatory authorities issued precautionary recommendations following the ORAL Surveillance trial, which demonstrated an elevated risk of cancer with tofacitinib, compared to TNF inhibitors (TNFi).

Social determinants of health (SDH), such as socioeconomic status and educational background are factors that are increasingly recognized as critical contributors to health outcomes in chronic diseases. Understanding how certain factors impact different rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) is important, and new research into this for both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and inflammatory arthritis was presented at the EULAR 2025 congress in Barcelona.

New research from SUNY Polytechnic Institute introduces an innovative, eco-friendly method to enhance the performance and longevity of titanium-based dental implants, focusing on improving the biocompatibility and mechanical resilience of Ti-6Al-4V alloy implants using hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings derived from biowaste.

A combination therapy that adds a recently approved drug to the current standard of care for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showed high rates of complete remission in an early-phase clinical trial conducted at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and 11 other sites nationwide.

Festival season can be surprisingly physically demanding. Hours spent standing, walking or dancing can put extra strain on the heart, especially for those with preexisting conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure or diabetes, explains Gosia Wamil, M.D., Ph.D., a cardiologist at Mayo Clinic Healthcare in London.

A new study reveals striking international differences in how doctors approach the sensitive issue of tracheostomy invasive ventilation (TIV) for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Cultural norms and health care systems appear to significantly influence physician attitudes and, consequently, patient choices regarding this life-sustaining treatment.

An international study published today in the New England Journal of Medicine sheds light on acute normovolemic hemodilution, also known as ANH, a blood conservation technique.

A study led by the Sant Pau Research Institute (IR Sant Pau) has succeeded in describing, for the first time in detail, the structural evolution of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions across the clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome. The results, published in the journal Brain, reveal that volume and cortical thickness loss in these regions can begin 13 to 15 years before the onset of symptoms, marking a significant advance in early diagnosis and the design of preventive clinical trials.

A gene transfer approach to treating the bleeding disorder hemophilia B remains safe and effective long-term, as scientists from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and University College London today report thirteen years of follow-up data. Hemophilia B is a rare genetic disorder caused by insufficient levels of a circulating protein called factor IX, which promotes blood clotting.

When someone has high blood pressure, or hypertension, it results in changes to the walls of their blood vessels. This process is known as arterial or vascular remodeling, which is driven by smooth muscle cells in the blood vessel wall. Researchers at Michigan Medicine have uncovered a key mechanism that regulates blood pressure and vascular remodeling—increasing downstream risk of heart attack and stroke—in people with a genetic variant linked to high blood pressure, a study in both animals and human samples suggests.

A newly approved shot could soon help protect babies from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the top cause of hospitalization in U.S. infants.

A blood-based test has acceptable accuracy for colorectal cancer detection but not for advanced precancerous lesions in an average-risk colorectal cancer screening population, according to a study published online June 2 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.