Short-term high fructose intake can boost bacterial toxin receptors, raising inflammation risk

The world has made unprecedented progress in vaccinating children against life-threatening diseases since WHO established the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 1974. Despite the progress of the past 50 years, the last two decades have also been marked by stagnating childhood vaccination rates and wide variation in vaccine coverage.

Living with an autoimmune disease is linked to a near doubling in the risk of persistent mental health issues, such as depression, generalized anxiety, and bipolar disorder, with these risks higher in women than in men, finds a large population-based UK study, published in the open-access journal BMJ Mental Health.

The annual cost of hand and wrist injuries among dog walkers in the UK is estimated to top £23 million, with women and the over 65s most at risk as a result of being pulled along on the dog leash, finds a review of the available evidence, published online in the journal Injury Prevention.

In a new paper with implications for preventing Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders, Keith Hengen, an associate professor of biology in Arts & Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, suggests a new comprehensive approach to understanding how the brain works and the rules it must follow to reach optimal performance.

Early-onset neonatal sepsis is associated with an increased likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although the association with ADHD is attenuated in sibling-matched analyses, according to a study published online June 18 in Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology.

Mild physical activity, such as a short, slow run, can temporarily but effectively boost executive function. Previous rodent studies conducted by the research team have demonstrated that mild exercise activates dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons in the brainstem. These neural circuits may play a key role in enhancing brain function. However, technical limitations have prevented the elucidation of the precise mechanisms by which mild exercise affects the human brain.

Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have developed a novel mouse model that allows them to induce dysfunction in only one kidney. Using this model, they uncovered the molecular mechanisms behind the "renal counterbalance" phenomenon, a process where the left and right kidneys actively maintain functional and structural balance.

There is a significant positive association between dietary calcium intake and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), according to a study published online May 30 in Translational Andrology and Urology.

As we age, extreme heat causes many heat-related illnesses that can lead to serious health issues. A new study from the University of California, Irvine's Joe C. Wen School of Population & Public Health adds to that list.

For roughly 400 years, microscopes have allowed us to observe increasingly smaller details. Today's most advanced instruments can peer deep into living cells, helping researchers study diseases such as cancer and improve therapies. Several research groups at UZH are working toward this goal.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved Dupixent (dupilumab) for the treatment of adult patients with bullous pemphigoid.

It's every top athlete's worst nightmare: an anterior cruciate ligament injury. TU/e researcher Janne Spierings developed a new protocol for cruciate ligament grafts that should reduce complications. On Monday June 23, she defended her dissertation at the Department of Biomedical Engineering.

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening women of reproductive age for intimate partner violence (IPV). These findings form the basis of a final recommendation statement published online June 24 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

A new University of Hawaiʻi Cancer Center study has found that people who followed a dietary pattern known as the MIND diet were significantly less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease or related forms of dementia—even if they made brain-healthy food choices later in life.

Texas has become the first state to require warning labels on thousands of food and beverages containing 44 common dyes or additives.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Europe, but timely screening can be highly effective in preventing it. Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for this purpose. It enables potentially dangerous colon polyps to be detected and removed at an early stage. However, accurately distinguishing between benign and potentially malignant polyps requires significant expertise.

A new PET/CT imaging technique that visualizes activated fibroblasts in the heart muscle enables early detection of multiple forms of cardiomyopathy, according to research presented at the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2025 Annual Meeting. By targeting fibroblast activation—an early indicator of myocardial fibrosis—this method provides valuable insights into disease progression and helps improve risk stratification for patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Vertical and horizontal relative peripheral refraction (RPR) are associated with faster axial length progression and higher risk of incident myopia, according to a study published online June 16 in the American Journal of Ophthalmology.