Actin scaffold in cell nucleus explains survival of cancer cells

For patients with recurrent retroperitoneal sarcomas that cannot be treated surgically, treatment choices are limited. These tumors can grow quite large in the abdomen adjacent to vital organs or enmeshed within the bowel. Given their radioresistant nature, they require high doses of radiation that risk damaging healthy nearby tissue. Once patients have undergone an initial radiation course, doctors are often left with no safe radiation treatment option.

Radiation therapy could be an underused tool to reduce pelvic relapse risk for patients with locally advanced, muscle-invasive bladder cancer, according to results of a new Phase III randomized trial.

A new phase III clinical trial finds that intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and proton beam therapy resulted in similar quality-of-life outcomes and low rates of side effects for people with locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer. The TORPEdO trial, a randomized study conducted across the United Kingdom, found no meaningful differences between the treatments in patient-reported quality of life, swallowing function or feeding tube dependence at one year.

Until now, weight reduction has been the primary therapeutic goal for people with prediabetes. An analysis of a large Tübingen study shows that patients who bring their blood sugar levels back within the normal range through a healthy lifestyle but do not lose weight, or even gain weight, still reduce their risk of type 2 diabetes by 71%. Researchers from the University Hospital of Tübingen, Helmholtz Munich, and the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) were involved in the study published in Nature Medicine.

Dementia is a condition that results in progressive memory or thinking problems. It's now the most common cause of death in Australia. There are many different causes of dementia, but Alzheimer's disease accounts for about 60%–80% of all cases.

It's 2:47 a.m. and your phone buzzes on the nightstand. The notification suddenly glows in the darkness: "You're on a 7-day streak!"; "Don't break your streak!" You feel the need to open the app right away for an emergency breathing exercise. Half-awake, you fumble for the device, chest tightening. Another buzz: "What's your positive intention for the day?"

Group-based and online lifestyle counseling can support middle-aged and older men in making health-promoting dietary changes. These dietary changes, in turn, reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, especially among men with a high genetic risk, a study conducted at the University of Eastern Finland shows.

Two countries, two different approaches to protecting children from chickenpox. While the UK prepares to introduce a combined vaccine covering measles, mumps, rubella and chickenpox (MMRV) in a single jab, the US is moving in the opposite direction—restricting parents' ability to choose that same combination for their youngest children.

The largest study of its kind has found menopause is not associated with an increased risk of disability in women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Until now, the impact of reduced sex hormones on women with MS had only been the subject of small studies, some with conflicting results.

Military conflict has led to heightened risk of cognitive problems in performing day-to-day activities among some war zone veterans, which can result in increased burden on family members.

US president Donald Trump's claim that pregnant women should avoid acetaminophen—a statement that is both harmful and not backed by the science—fits into a long and damaging tradition of blaming parents, especially mothers, for autism.

You may want to think twice before snacking on a Slim Jim or downing a soda. They could alter your brain health over time.

Emergency departments may be missing opportunities to identify and treat people for problem alcohol use. A new study published in Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research found that less than 1% of emergency department patients who screened positive for high-risk drinking received a prescription for a medication to treat the disorder. More than half of those who did receive a prescription filled it, suggesting that increasing awareness and education among emergency department clinicians may be an effective avenue for improving treatment for people with high-risk drinking.

Among people in treatment for alcohol dependence, the severity of withdrawal symptoms during early alcohol abstinence may be affected by the life adversity they have experienced, a small study suggests. "Cumulative adversity" is the sum of an individual's challenging and traumatic life circumstances. This chronic wear and tear is associated with a range of health outcomes—including substance use disorders, where the effects of stress are known to underpin craving and relapse.

The tiny fruit fly could have a mighty impact on identifying optimal treatments for people with alcohol use disorder. A new study confirmed that using fruit flies may help scientists understand the human body's response to certain medications that influence alcohol use patterns.

Changing cannabis use frequency may predict changes in binge drinking frequency among young adults, according to a new study that illuminates shifts in substance use across early adulthood. The findings imply opportunities for targeted interventions to prevent and treat binge drinking, a behavior linked to a range of negative consequences, including alcohol use disorder (AUD) and high economic costs.

The most common type of liver cancer in children, hepatoblastoma, surprisingly appears to contain many immune cells from a type that has long been overlooked. This is according to a study by researchers at the Princess Máxima Center and UMC Utrecht. The discovery of these myeloid cells in liver tumors unveils new avenues for treatment.

A study conducted at Tel Aviv University and Dana Dwek Children's Hospital in Tel Aviv found that disease can be prevented in children with obesity by maintaining a low percentage of fat in the liver. The researchers used innovative methods to examine 31 Israeli children with obesity, in an attempt to understand why some have developed illnesses as a result of their excess weight—while others remain healthy (so far).