Dopamine signaling in nucleus accumbens may shape confidence in decision-making

Most people recognize Alzheimer's from its devastating symptoms such as memory loss, while new drugs target pathological aspects of disease manifestations, such as plaques of amyloid proteins. Now a sweeping new study in the journal Cell by MIT researchers shows the importance of understanding the disease as a battle over how well brain cells control the expression of their genes.

Adolescents who lose teeth due to decay or trauma are 42% more likely to be bullied, according to new collaborative research from the University of Sydney and the University of Melbourne.

A new study from the University of Sydney has revealed how type 2 diabetes directly alters the heart's structure and energy systems, offering vital insights into why people with diabetes are at greater risk of heart failure.

Dementia researchers have called for updates to the diagnostic criteria for one of the most common younger-onset forms of the disease, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), a condition similar to the one actor Bruce Willis has been diagnosed with.

After coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), evolocumab did not reduce saphenous vein graft disease rates at two years compared with placebo, according to late-breaking research presented in a Hot Line session presented Sept. 1 at ESC Congress 2025. The study was concurrently published in The Lancet.

Despite swimming in different worlds, fish and humans are biologically much closer than one might think. Capitalizing on this kinship, researchers have now used zebrafish embryos to come up with a promising new therapy for kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA)—a rare, life-threatening genetic disorder of the lymphatic system.

It's one of the most insidious diseases you've never heard of, but Chagas is in California and 29 other states across the U.S.

Stricken with cancer in infancy, Jessica Lopez endured tumor-fighting treatments that saved her young life but also left her with lasting heart damage.

Exercise decreases the risk of developing cancer. Studies have shown there is a 30–35% reduction in the risk of breast cancer among the most physically active women compared with those who are least active. Exercise also plays a protective role in many other cancers, including lung, endometrial, colon, kidney, bladder and esophageal.

More than one in every 100 deaths globally is due to suicide, the World Health Organization said Tuesday, calling for urgent action to stem a mounting mental health crisis among young people especially.

Past a smoldering pile of trash and two bleating goats, through a doorway beginning to buckle beneath the weight of the bricks above, is a darkened room where a skeletal, 70-year-old man lies on a pillowless bed above a floor littered with trash.

In the night, when all that glows on this hilltop is the moonlight and all that moves are branches tickled by a soft breeze, the tumult returns. The old woman grows convinced her house is on fire and, panicked, drags the table, chairs and the rest of her few worldly possessions, outside. Unable to calm his mother, her son knows just one way to end it.

A first-of-its-kind clinical trial has shown it's possible to identify breast cancer survivors who are at higher risk of their cancer coming back due to the presence of dormant cancer cells and to effectively treat these cells with repurposed, existing drugs. The research, led by scientists from the Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania and Penn's Perelman School of Medicine, is published in Nature Medicine.

Researchers have identified a neurochemical signature that sets Parkinson's disease apart from essential tremor—two of the most common movement disorders, but each linked to distinct changes in the brain.

Researchers from the University of Birmingham, U.K., have identified bioactive peptide sequences in the PEPITEM molecule, and demonstrated the biological activity of the full PEPITEM molecule in counteracting key changes caused by osteoporosis.

In patients with heart failure (HF) caused by Chagas disease, sacubitril/valsartan was superior to enalapril for the composite primary endpoint, predominantly driven by a significant reduction in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), according to late-breaking research presented in a Hot Line session today at ESC Congress 2025.

As the UK and other NATO nations dramatically increase defense spending to counter growing global aggressions, one under-recognized aspect of security debates is the role of the arms industry.

Researchers at the University of Southampton examining worldwide variations in funding for cancer research say there's a pressing need to invest more in lower income countries.