Gum disease associated with changes in the brain, increased stroke risk

Anti-obesity medication semaglutide may help to prevent heart attacks and other major cardiac events regardless of how much weight people lose while taking the drug, according to a new study led by a UCL researcher.

Restricted sugar intake during early life is linked to lower risks of several heart conditions in adulthood, including heart attack, heart failure, and stroke, finds a study published by The BMJ using data from the end of UK sugar rationing in 1953.

One in five women with breast or cervical cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are diagnosed at an early stage, compared with more than one in three in high-income countries (HICs), new research suggests. For ovarian cancer, the proportion of women diagnosed with early-stage disease was generally lower than 20% (one in five) worldwide, although the situation remains slightly worse for women in LMICs.

For patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), alterations in gut microbiota are associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes, according to a study published online Sept. 29 in The American Journal of Gastroenterology.

A new approach to PET imaging offers a promising way for physicians to promptly identify patients who are at risk for poor functional recovery after a heart attack, according to new research published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine.

Immunotherapy has been one of the most promising advancements in cancer treatment. However, consistency in immunotherapy treatment effectiveness remains a formidable challenge. Now, Cancer Center at Illinois member Kun Wang, Binbin Wang, a post-doctoral researcher at the National Cancer Institute, and Robert Saddawi-Konefka, a physician-scientist at MD Anderson Cancer Center (formerly at UCSD) are taking the guesswork out of cancer treatments through a predictive model for determining immunotherapy treatment effectiveness.

By analyzing the tumor environment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified seven distinct cellular microenvironments, providing a framework to develop therapies that will engage a patient's immune system to attack cancer cells. Each microenvironment showed a different mix of cells and its own pattern of communication between tumor B-cells and immune cells.

A study conducted by researchers at the Center for Redox Processes in Biomedicine (Redoxoma) has shown that ATP-sensitive mitochondrial potassium channels (MitoKATP) are involved in both the development of brown fat cells and the activation of mitochondrial uncoupling in these cells, a process that dissipates energy in the form of heat.

An international collaborative study has identified the E2F2 protein as a potential new therapeutic target to prevent metabolic fatty liver disease from progressing toward more serious conditions, such as cirrhosis or liver cancer.

Many surgeons admit that medical robots can now operate with greater precision than human specialists. However, the complex preparation required for robotic surgery still takes far too long. But a new robotic assistant for eye surgery for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) developed by Prof. Mohammad Ali Nasseri from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) is ready to go in just under five minutes.

Today's GPS smartwatches and other wearable devices give millions of runners reams of data about their pace, location, heart rate and more. But one thing your Garmin can't measure is plain old physics: How much force is being generated when your foot hits the ground and takes off again.

Whether we are writing an email, rushing for a bus, or humming a tune, every thought, feeling, and action relies on communication between our roughly 100 billion nerve cells. This exchange of information happens at synapses, where messenger substances are passed from one cell to another.

Scientists have made significant progress in developing cancer therapies that help patients across cancer types. However, they face limitations in determining the results of drug effectiveness, as well as ensuring even distribution among all cancer cells because of the highly compact nature of tumors. Researchers are working to change that by giving chemotherapy drugs a kind of chemical "signal" that allows them to be tracked inside of cells.

A new study co-led by investigators at the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center has found that women with early-stage cervical cancer who received radiation plus chemotherapy reported a greater short-term decline in quality of life than those who received radiation alone.

Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that affects the sympathetic nervous system in young children and is often difficult to treat, especially when the tumor cells carry multiple copies of the MYCN gene.

Decision making ability, memory, response times and dexterity all saw a significant drop in cold temperatures, according to University of Chichester research on firefighter search and rescue performance.

A prospective study conducted at Avicenna University Hospital (Cadi Ayyad University) suggests that the plethysmographic perfusion index (PPI), a noninvasive parameter derived from pulse oximetry, can help identify fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with acute circulatory failure. The research is published in the Journal of Intensive Medicine.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common tumors among people over the age of 50. Although it is known to develop from small lesions or polyps, its exact causes are unknown—only a few risk factors are known—and it is usually treated with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, or biological therapies. Now, a study by the University of Barcelona reveals that the combination of palbociclib and telaglenastat, two drugs with complementary actions, could help improve the clinical treatment of this type of cancer, the third most common worldwide.