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In a study of newborn piglets, infection with influenza A was associated with disruptions in the piglets' nasal and gut microbiomes, and with potentially detrimental changes in gene activity in the hippocampus, a brain structure that plays a central role in learning and memory. Maternal vaccination against the virus during pregnancy appeared to offer some protection from those changes in the piglets.
A new international study coordinated by the European Alzheimer's and Dementia Biobank (EADB) consortium sheds light on how genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) vary—and remain consistent—across global populations. The study represents the first worldwide examination of polygenic risk scores (PRS) and their relationship to the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease.
A new review, published in Microbiology, is the first to systematically review the potential effects of psychotropics (the drugs used to treat bipolar disorder) on the gut microbiome of treated and untreated bipolar individuals.
A new paper from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, Butler Columbia Aging Center, and Columbia Irving Medical Center introduces a scientific framework for understanding the biological foundation of health—what the researchers term "Intrinsic Health." Published in Science Advances, the study lays the groundwork for measuring and promoting health itself, rather than merely treating disease.
Knee braces, water therapy and exercise are the most promising non-drug therapies for treating knee osteoarthritis, according to a new meta-analysis published in PLOS One by Yuan Luo of the First People's Hospital of Neijiang, China.
Hope isn't just wishful thinking—it's a powerful emotional force that gives our lives meaning. Now, a new groundbreaking study from the University of Missouri shows it may be even more essential to well-being than happiness or gratitude.
The gut microbiome, a vast assortment of bacteria and other microorganisms that inhabit our digestive system, plays a critical role in converting food into energy. Many of these microbes follow rhythmic cycles of activity throughout the day. However, high-fat diets and other factors can disrupt these rhythms and contribute to metabolic disease.
Until 2023, Adriana Alatorre was in peak condition, running at least 30 miles a week before a mild bout of COVID knocked her off her feet. The 49-year-old Pittsburgh running store manager seemed to recuperate quickly, but after hitting the pavement again she increasingly felt exhausted. When plummeting blood pressure sapped so much energy that she couldn't do laundry and grocery-shop the same day, she suspected long COVID, but finding solid information was a wild goose chase: Online chat boards offered "hocus pocus," she said, while doctors offered no treatments.
When you think about ticks, you might picture nightmarish little parasites, stalking you on weekend hikes or afternoons in the park.
Every night, millions of people stop breathing without knowing it. Not once, but sometimes hundreds of times. Their remedy? A mask, a hum and the steady whisper of pressurized air.
Scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have developed NAPTUNE (Nucleic Acids and Protein biomarkers Testing via Ultra-sensitive Nucleases Escalation), a point-of-care assay that identifies trace amounts of disease-related genetic material, including nucleic acid and protein markers, in less than 45 minutes. Importantly, it accomplished this without the need for laboratory equipment or complex procedures.
Children born to obese mothers are at higher risk of developing metabolic disorders, even if they follow a healthy diet themselves. A new study from the University of Bonn offers an explanation for this phenomenon. In obese mice, certain cells in the embryo's liver are reprogrammed during pregnancy. This leads to long-term changes in the offspring's metabolism. The researchers believe that these findings could also be relevant for humans. The study has now been published in the journal Nature.
A team of physicians from Bochum are the first to successfully use CAR T-cell therapy to treat two patients with a rare autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system. This treatment modifies endogenous immune cells such that they can specifically target and eliminate B lymphocytes, which are here the origin of autoimmunity. This is the world's first clinical report on the use of CAR T-cell therapy to treat a serious autoimmune neuropathy.
New research found that youth who become increasingly addicted to social media, mobile phones or video games are at greater risk of suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts and emotional or behavioral issues. The study, published June 18 in JAMA, was led by researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine, Columbia University and University of California, Berkeley.
Young children who struggle to control their emotions and behavior have more symptoms of anxiety and depression as teenagers, a study says.
People with better cognitive health are at lower risk of later Alzheimer's disease, but genetics can interfere with this, according to a new study.
Food is medicine (FIM) programs that incorporate healthy food into health care for people with or at high risk for chronic disease show great potential in improving diet quality and food security, but additional research is needed to understand clinical outcomes, according to a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in the U.S. conducted by the American Heart Association.
Cancer researchers have a multitude of tools to study tumors. Histological staining uses dyes to make different kinds of tissue cells visible in microscopic slide images. CT scans can pinpoint the size, location and spread of a tumor. Epigenetic analysis can track a cancer's growth and genetic regulation.
The disruption of axons—the thread-like part of nerve cells that transmits electrical signals—is associated with Alzheimer's disease. One way axonal function may be hindered is through damage to the myelin sheath, a fatty coating that wraps around axons. Similar to the plastic or rubber used to insulate a cable, the myelin sheath allows neurons to quickly communicate with one another. When the structure is impaired, so is the conduction of electrical signals.