International study validates efficacy of a drug in adults with neurofibromatosis type 1

A study led by clinician-scientists and researchers at the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS) has found that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a critical role in the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) commonly known as nose cancer. These insights are paving the way for precision oncology approaches, some of which are currently used in clinical trials at NCCS. The findings are published in Cell Reports Medicine.

Scientists from Cincinnati Children's and colleagues based in Japan report achieving a major step forward in organoid technology: producing liver tissue that grows its own internal blood vessels.

In a major breakthrough, a team of researchers from The City College of New York and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) has developed a new AI model that can detect breast cancer in MRI images and pinpoint the location of tumors.

An AI-assisted model developed by researchers from the University of Missouri School of Medicine and the School of Engineering can take low-quality MRI heart scans and turn them into high-quality images, while reducing the time needed to scan the heart by about 90%.

A common medication already used for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis is effective for patients with giant cell arteritis, according to findings from a team at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

People living in more disadvantaged neighborhoods may be more likely to have biomarkers for inflammation and Alzheimer's disease, according to a study published in Neurology. The study does not prove that neighborhood factors cause these biomarkers: it only shows an association.

In a study of human immune cells infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine say a molecule within HIV itself can be manipulated and amplified to force the virus into long-term dormancy, a state in which HIV does not replicate.

The skin acts as the body's first line of defense against external threats. However, as we age, the epidermis—the outermost layer of skin—gradually becomes thinner and loses its protective strength. About 90% of the cells in this layer are keratinocytes, which originate from deeper layers of the epidermis and migrate upward, ultimately forming the skin's protective barrier.

There is currently no way to stop calcification of the aortic valve. If all else fails, the valve must be replaced. To better understand the development of this common disease, researchers from Bochum and Bonn have taken a close look at defective valves.

A new study led by scientists from BGI Genomics' Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR) has identified early biomarkers and disease neurons associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology.

Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL have shown that genetic messages are misplaced in nerve cells in a model of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. These messages mostly affect the function of the mitochondria, the cell's energy producers, and can be re-established using a drug currently in clinical trials.

Misplaced car keys, forgotten names and other lapses in memory are a normal part of life, especially as you age. However, more serious memory problems can be a sign of cognitive impairment or dementia like Alzheimer's disease.

A new study by Toho University has revealed that gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), a fatty acid commonly found in plant oils such as evening primrose and borage, can directly relax constricted coronary arteries by blocking a key receptor involved in blood vessel contraction. This discovery offers promising implications for the prevention of coronary spasms and angina.

Up to half of patients with Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease, develop a complication called fibrosis, where the gut becomes scarred and obstructed, causing pain and bloating. Currently, the only treatment option for these gut "strictures" is surgery.

As artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots and virtual agents become part of everyday life—from customer service and health care to personal companionship—a critical question arises: How do these AI interactions affect social and emotional dynamics?

As ADHD medication use has surged in Sweden over the past decades, evidence is needed on whether the benefit of the medication remains consistent. A new study from Karolinska Institutet, published in JAMA Psychiatry, shows that while ADHD medication still helps reduce the risk of self-harm, unintentional injuries, traffic accidents, and criminal behavior, its protective effects have diminished over time as ADHD medication use has broadened to a wider group of patients.

In medically indicated weight loss, attention is typically focused on the associated health benefits. However, recent research findings suggest that recovery from obesity-induced systemic inflammation may take several years.

Babies as young as eight months old can adapt their learning style to changing situations, according to research by Francesco Poli of the Donders Institute at Radboud University. This is the first time that babies have been shown to learn in such a flexible way.