Missing messenger RNA fragments could be key to new immunotherapy for hard-to-treat brain tumors

Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and Children's Hospital Colorado have found that better control of chronic eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE)-associated inflammation during childhood leads to less stiffening of the esophagus, resulting in fewer disease complications. Using Endoluminal functional imaging (FLIP), the study team suggests this could be a key marker for assessing disease severity and progression. The findings were published online today by the journal Gastroenterology.

One of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment is that certain cancers reappear after chemotherapy—and an aggressive type of blood cancer called acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is notorious for this. Now, new research from The Jackson Laboratory (JAX) points to a previously unknown molecular mechanism behind that chemoresistance, and a way to potentially disarm it.

New research, led by Queen Mary University and published in the journal Clinical Psychological Science, has revealed that highly sensitive people (HSP) are more likely to experience mental health problems compared to individuals who are less sensitive. Findings suggest that these individuals could benefit more from interventions such as mindfulness and techniques to strengthen emotional regulation skills.

High metabolic syndrome (MetS) severity, expressed by the continuous metabolic syndrome severity score (cMetS-S), is associated with development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to a study recently published in Kidney Diseases.

A considerable proportion of patients with high-grade serous cancer (HGSC) have missed opportunities for risk assessment with genetic testing and for surgical prevention, according to a study published online August 13 in JAMA Surgery.

New research presented at the Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Vienna, Austria (15–19 September) shows that early detection of individuals at risk of diabetes is possible by analyzing the electronic records of people living within the same household for risk factors.

For children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE), sleep fragmentation is negatively associated with physical and social quality of life, with N2 stage moderating the deleterious effects of fragmentation, according to a study published online May 13 in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.

Researchers have discovered eight new genes associated with schizophrenia, in the largest exome-sequencing study of the disorder ever conducted. The breakthrough, made by scientists at the Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics (CNGG) at Cardiff University, provides new information and improves the understanding and future treatment development for schizophrenia.

When you see something—a tree in your backyard, say, or the toy your toddler hands you—that visual information travels from your retinas to your brain. And like a train stopping at stations along its route, the information pauses at particular regions of the brain where it's processed and sent along to its next location.

A review published in the journal JAMA highlights innovative strategies to slow the biological aging process, an emerging approach with significant potential to prevent or delay multiple chronic diseases at once, one of the most pressing challenges in modern medicine today.

When bones break and there is extreme tissue loss—such as after a car accident or a battlefield injury—current treatments don't often lead to effective healing. But certain stem cells from skeletal muscles can improve recovery by producing all the types of cells needed to heal bones, according to a study co-led by scientists at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects millions worldwide and can have a devastating impact on patients' lives. Yet, about one in three patients respond poorly to existing treatments.

Using longitudinal qualitative methods, the study looked at the care pathways for women who are dependent on drugs perinatally. The paper focuses on women's experiences of care prenatally, and highlights their anxiety concerning social work referrals and the potential loss of their babies to the care system.

Small, preclinical studies on breast tissue suggest the pill mifepristone shows promise for reducing the risk of breast cancer, however the use of mifepristone for medical abortion has created barriers for developing it for other purposes. This finding is highlighted in a Viewpoint published in The Lancet Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Women's Health.

A first of its kind study, led by researchers at Imperial College London, UCL and the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), looked at suicide trends in England from 2002 to 2022 combined with the influence of local socio-environmental factors on risk.

When I was landing at the Aspen airport a few weeks ago for a panel, the wing outside my window looked like it was going to fly off the plane. One of the reasons I knew it wouldn't is because the aerospace industry de-risks aircraft designs using digital twins, which are highly accurate virtual copies of physical objects. They let engineers simulate thousands of what-if scenarios and spot potential problems far in advance.

Preterm babies with very low birth weight who received a probiotic alongside antibiotics had fewer multidrug resistant bacteria and a more typical gut microbiome, a new study shows.

Neurons in the gut produce a molecule that plays a pivotal role in shaping the gut's immune response during and after inflammation, according to a new study by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators. The findings suggest that targeting these neurons and the molecules they produce could open the door to new treatments for inflammatory bowel disease and other disorders driven by gut inflammation.