Two fish species, two strategies—a new model to study working memory

A new study has found that blood pressure synchronizes to predictable phrase structures in music. Blood pressure was more affected by loudness than tempo and was more strongly influenced by phrase structures that were more predictable.

Eight years ago, 87 obese adolescents took part in a study to see whether fecal transfer (taking "good" gut bacteria from healthy donors and giving them in capsule form to people with a less healthy microbiome) would make a difference to their health and weight.

Could a keto diet affect males differently than females? A study from The University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio (UT Health San Antonio) suggests so, and estrogen could promote different protections against adverse effects of the diet, like the accumulation of cells expressing markers of age (senescence).

In a new study published in the Journal of Hepatology, researchers from the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) show that only 15–20% of hepatocytes in newborn mice—dubbed clonogenic hepatocytes—are responsible for generating over 90% of the adult liver mass.

A study conducted by researchers from the Pennington Biomedical Research Center (PBRC, United States), Proteimax Biotechnology (Israel), and the University of São Paulo's Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-USP, Brazil) has shown that ingesting Pep19 helps reduce visceral fat and improve sleep in obese adults.

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men. Most patients who are diagnosed during earlier stages usually respond well to treatment. In some, however, the disease progresses to an aggressive, lethal form.

A multi-institutional clinical trial conducted at the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and 21 other U.S. sites found that a single administration of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) cell therapy helped stabilize metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in some patients. This finding is significant, as many of these patients had previously undergone multiple treatments without success.

Metabolic health before and during pregnancy may have a bigger influence on risks for mother and baby than simply controlling weight gain. Data from a recent paper by Pennington Biomedical researchers indicates that pregnant women with metabolically unhealthy obesity were more likely to develop gestational diabetes than those who were metabolically healthy.

Spironolactone does not reduce a composite outcome of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure among patients receiving maintenance dialysis, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in The Lancet and presented at the 62nd European Renal Association Congress, held from June 4 to 7 in Vienna.

Over the past 50 years, rates of obesity and type-2 diabetes have soared, while sperm quality has plummeted. Driving these changes could be the increasing popularity of ultra-processed foods, which have been linked to a range of poor health outcomes. However, scientists still aren't sure whether it's the industrial nature of the ingredients themselves, the processing of the foods, or whether it's because they lead people to eat more than they should.

Asthma, depression, anxiety, and hypothyroidism are associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) among women, according to a study published online Aug. 22 in the Journal of Primary Care and Community Health.

When genetic testing reveals a rare DNA mutation, doctors and patients are frequently left in the dark about what it actually means. Now, researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have developed a powerful new way to determine whether a patient with a mutation is likely to actually develop disease, a concept known in genetics as penetrance.

U.S. cancer survivors are significantly more likely to take medications for depression and anxiety compared with noncancer survivors, according to a study published online Aug. 19 in JAMA Network Open.

Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from the lowest socioeconomic status (SES) neighborhoods have an increased risk for mortality, according to a study published online Aug. 22 in Blood Advances.

In 2023, more than 2.4 million cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia were diagnosed in the U.S. Though that number is high, it's actually an improvement, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: The number of sexually transmitted infections, or STIs, decreased 1.8% overall from 2022 to 2023, with gonorrhea decreasing the most (7.2%).

New research from cardiovascular scientists at UC Davis Health reveals that stress affects more than just the mind—it also alters heart function at the molecular level.

Long-term cocoa extract supplementation does not reduce the risk for incident hypertension but does reduce hypertension incidence among those with normal systolic blood pressure (BP) at baseline, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in Hypertension.

The sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea has increased in the past 10 years. No one knows exactly why gonorrhea is spreading—but experts suspect a mix of better testing and changing sexual habits. At the same time, we face reduced treatment options due to antimicrobial resistance.