Mitochondria support T-cells proliferation and memory formation

A baby born at only 21 weeks of gestation last July in Iowa City, Iowa, has just celebrated his first birthday, and among his gifts is a Guinness world record for most premature baby.

During most eye infections or injuries, neutrophils, immune cells found in the blood, are usually the first line of defense. However, researchers at the Flaum Eye Institute and Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience at the University of Rochester have discovered that the retina responds differently than many other tissues in the body. When photoreceptor cells in the retina are damaged, microglia, or the brain's immune cells, respond, and the neutrophils are not recruited to help despite passing through nearby blood vessels.

Precision cancer treatment on a larger scale is moving closer now that researchers have developed an AI platform to tailor protein components and arm the patient's immune cells to fight cancer.

Breaking the link between prescription drug list prices and compensation to middlemen like pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) could cut a significant portion of the U.S.'s annual drug tab, finds a new analysis from the USC Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics.

For the first time, researchers at the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience and Amsterdam UMC have identified what happens in neural networks deep within the brain during obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors. Using electrodes implanted in the brain, they observed how specific brain waves became active. These brain waves serve as a biomarker for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and are an important step towards more targeted treatments.

Researchers at Uppsala University have identified a promising therapeutic approach for the challenging blood cancer multiple myeloma. In a new preclinical study, they demonstrate that a dual treatment with drugs that inhibit epigenetic regulation reduces tumor growth and induces cancer cell death. The findings are published in the journal Blood Advances.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been classified as a possible human carcinogen through inhalation since 2006. This nanomaterial was used as a food coloring and opacifying agent (E171) until it was banned for use in food as a precautionary measure in France in 2020 and by the European Union in 2022. However, it is still widely used in many everyday products (toothpaste, sunscreen, make-up, medications, plastic, paper, paint, etc.).

While the incidence of breast cancer is highest for white women, Black women are more likely to have early-onset or more aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, such as triple-negative breast cancer. Among women under 50, the disparity is even greater: young Black women have double the mortality rate of young white women.

A wearable technology developed by Technion Professor Hossam Haick and colleagues in China enables real-time, noninvasive tracking and optimized treatment for diabetic patients.

A study comparing the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in lean and obese primates found different long-term consequences of the virus depending on prior obesity and metabolic disease.

Researchers have harnessed the power of artificial intelligence to design a blueprint for building a vaccine that aims to teach the body's immune system to fight cancer.

Melanoma testing could one day be done at home with a skin patch and test strip with two lines, similar to COVID-19 home tests, according to University of Michigan researchers.

Critical questions need addressing before any clinical use of in vitro gametogenesis (IVG), says a new report by a Lancaster University-based research project.

A discovery at Hudson Institute more than 20 years ago is still sparking new medical insights, with researchers at a major US University using it to uncover vital facts about sexually transmitted disease (STI).

Thanks to a new technique, neurosurgeons at UMC Utrecht have been able to watch the blood flow in brain tissue live during surgery for the first time. Together with researchers from Eindhoven University of Technology, they have developed a method that allows them to detect the risk of a stroke during surgery sooner—and potentially prevent it. The technique could also be useful for other types of operations, such as kidney transplants.

Despite being one of the most preventable and treatable cancers, colorectal cancer continues to claim more lives in Black communities than in any other racial group in the United States. Incidence and mortality rates remain about 20% and 30% higher for Black individuals compared with White individuals, making it a leading driver of racial health disparities.

People with severe mental health problems can find it more difficult to live healthy lifestyles.

In a pair of articles published in Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, scientists lay out the case for why we should expand treatment recommendations for people with hepatitis B.