How fruit flies can help us understand diseases such as ALS

Will it be possible to treat severe kidney inflammation with fewer drugs in the future? A new study by the University Hospital Bonn (UKB), the University of Bonn, and the University of Hamburg gives cause for hope. The researchers show that even low, repeated doses of steroids could be enough to stop inflammation in particularly aggressive crescentic glomerulonephritis (cGN).

The influenza A virus (IAV) has been the cause of six major flu pandemics, responsible for 50 to 100 million deaths globally. In the U.S. alone, it is estimated that despite seasonally updated vaccines, IAV infections still lead to 140,000 to 710,000 hospitalizations and 12,000 to 52,000 deaths annually.

Mayo Clinic researchers have identified a molecular "switch" in lung cells that helps them decide when to repair tissue and when to fight infection. This discovery could guide future regenerative therapies for chronic lung diseases.

Two new research papers from the Living Brain Project at Mount Sinai present what is, by several metrics, the largest investigation ever performed of the biology of the living human brain. The papers present unequivocal evidence that brain tissue from living people has a distinct molecular character, an observation that until now was missed because brain tissue from living people is rarely studied.

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have developed a 3D human colon model integrated with bioelectronics to aid in colorectal cancer research and drug discovery. The "3D in vivo mimicking human colon" enables precision, personalized medicine and offers a more ethical, accurate and cost-effective alternative to traditional animal testing.

New research from the University of Delaware finds that LGBTQ+ adolescents in Delaware face strikingly higher rates of mental health challenges and substance use compared to their peers.

Activating specific neurons in a part of the brain that serves as the body's master circadian pacemaker caused mice to eat significantly more during a time of day when they would normally be at rest, a UT Southwestern Medical Center study shows. The findings, published in Cell Reports, could lead to new strategies to help people lose weight, including night shift workers who have a higher prevalence of obesity.

A new perspective article jointly published in the Journal of Dental Research and JADA Foundational Science highlights the transformative potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in dental, oral, and craniofacial research while cautioning against its misuse and ethical pitfalls.

The drug sulthiame reduces the number of breathing pauses and improves sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, according to a European clinical study in which the University of Gothenburg played a significant role. The findings offer hope for a drug-based treatment for people who cannot tolerate breathing masks.

A new study published in Scientific Reports indicates that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) have an extremely high geographic association, even after controlling for race, gender, wealth, latitude, and access to neurological health care.

Researchers from A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (A*STAR IMCB) have identified markers of two critical stem cell populations that drive colorectal cancer formation.

Endovascular aneurysm repair is a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms—life-threatening bulges in the aorta's abdominal section. However, it carries the risk of recurrence owing to endoleaks after stent graft implantation, necessitating regular follow-up, especially since these leaks cannot be easily linked to specific symptoms.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are well known as a form of cancer treatment. Researchers at UZH have now identified a new, important function of these inhibitors: promotion of tissue healing. This finding could help advance the treatment of fibrosis and chronic wounds.

Researchers at the Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH) in Mannheim, together with international partners, have developed patient-derived brain organoids for the first time in order to better understand the rare genetic disease LIS1-lissencephaly. The study shows how genetic changes disrupt cell structure and protein function and thus cause different disease severities. Initial laboratory results suggest that drugs that are already available could help.

Use lifestyle interventions to show no signs of type 2 diabetes for at least three months? There's a code for that: E11.A.

New research by UCLA Health has identified a sex-chromosome linked gene that drives inflammation in the female brain, offering insight into why women are disproportionately affected by conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis as well as offering a potential target for intervention.

Food insecurity affects about one in 13 (7.8%) U.K. households, with higher rates of food insecurity found in Black British households and people with long-term mental health conditions, according to a study published in the open-access journal PLOS One by Maddy Power of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, U.K., and colleagues.

Most children with neurogenic bladder (NGB) and diagnosed with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) in the emergency department (ED) did not meet a commonly recommended definition for UTI, according to a study published online Sept. 15 in the Journal of Pediatric Urology.